Direction (21-26): Read the passage carefully then answer the questions given below.
People have long circulated news via word-of-mouth, and as the language evolved into writing and literacy – and governments played larger roles in people’s lives – sharing information became a necessity. However, disseminating news and information on a paper presented significant challenges. When each copy had to be handwritten, mass distribution was impossible. They were first chiseled in stone or metal; later, they were handwritten and distributed in public forums or read from scrolls by town criers. Though both ancient Romans and Chinese – as well as other ancient civilizations – had early forms of news media, they do not qualify as newspapers because they could not be mass-distributed.
The first true newspapers arrived after Johannes Gutenberg introduced his movable type printing press to the European world around 1440. Though printing presses with movable type had existed in eastern Asia for around two centuries, they never made it to Europe; furthermore, Gutenberg’s version made it significantly faster to mass produce documents. By 1500, the printing press had made its way throughout Europe, and news sheets (or news books) were mass-distributed.
The first weekly newspaper was published in Germany by Johann Carolus in 1604. Called Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien, the publication satisfied the four tenets of a “true” newspaper: Accessibility by the public, Published at a regular interval (daily, weekly, monthly, etc.), Information is current, Covers a variety of topics (politics, events, entertainment, sports, etc.) Despite meeting the requirements for a newspaper, there is some debate as to whether The Relation qualifies as the world’s first newspaper since it was printed in quarto, not folio, size. It’s worth noting the World Association of Newspapers considers The Relation the first true newspaper.’
Other German newspapers followed, and in 1618 the world’s first broadsheet newspaper printed in folio size was published in Amsterdam, called Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c. The newspaper format soon spread throughout Europe, with newspapers published in Spain, France, and Sweden. The first English newspaper was published in 1665 in Oxford, England. Known as the Oxford Gazette, the newspaper moved to London in 1666 and was renamed the London Gazette. It’s still being published today. Soon after, the newspaper became a staple in all major European countries. It then made its way to the New World.
Q.21. Which of the following options is satisfying the condition for being a tenant of a “true newspaper”?
(A) A newspaper which was printed in quarto, not folio, size
(B) A newspaper which covers historic developments leading to various events.
(C) A newspaper which is accessible to only Asian readers.
(D) A newspaper which was published once in a month.
(E) A newspaper which is printed in press and is not handwritten
Q.22. Which of the following options is false according to the passage?
(A) The concept of newspaper was rejected in Europe earlier.
(B) London Gazette is the first newspaper to be published in the multiple languages.
(C) The relation was not the first newspaper as it did not meet all the required conditions.
(D) Information on paper was only possible after the introduction of press.
(E) All are incorrect
Q.23. What paved the way for the “true newspapers”?
(A) The technology which allowed it to be printed in multiple languages.
(B) As the Governments started playing a larger role in people’s lives
(C) The world’s first broadsheet newspaper printed in folio size
(D) The invention of the printing press paved the way for “true” newspapers.
(E) None of these.
Q.24. Which of the following statement is true regarding newspapers?
(A) The first weekly newspaper was published in Germany by Johann Carolus in 1904.
(B) The world’s first broadsheet newspaper printed in quarto size was published in Amsterdam, called Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c.
(C) The first English newspaper known as the Oxford Gazette, was renamed the London Gazette later.
(D) The Relation qualifies as the world’s first newspaper since it was printed in folio, not quarto.
(E) The first English newspaper was published in 1695 in Oxford, England known as the Oxford Gazette.
Q.25. Choose the word which is most nearly the SIMILAR in meaning to the word ‘disseminating’ printed in Bold & Underline as used in the passage.
(A) Sneer
(B) Spread
(C) Agree
(D) Taunt
(E) Barb
Q.26. In ancient time what was the biggest challenge that the people had to face while circulating the news?
(A) Earlier each copy had to be handwritten; mass distribution was next to impossible.
(B) It was a herculean task for the editors to get an affirmation by government for printing the news
(C) The biggest challenge was of printing the news on a paper
(D) Both (a) and (c)
(E) All are incorrect
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