Answer : 1. "Europe"
Explanation :

Europe has begun monitoring its imports of steel with the intention of discouraging products that undergo processes that result in high carbon emissions. The move is expected to hit Indian steel exporters that depend on polluting coking coal as feedstock to fire their furnaces. Although it has no immediate impact, Europe's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) has spurred a shift towards green steel in India. CBAM opened applications in its transitional phase from October 1, 2023.