Answer : 1. "Arvind Panagariya"
Explanation :

Dr. Arvind Panagariya has been appointed as the new Chairman of the Finance Commission of India. The Finance Commission is a constitutional body that gives recommendations on Centre-State financial relations. Dr. Panagariya is an eminent economist who has served as the first Vice Chairman of NITI Aayog. He will now head the 16th Finance Commission, which will suggest the tax transfer formula between the Center and states for 5 years, starting from 2026-27. The appointment follows the establishment of a new Finance Commission by the President through a notification dated December 31, 2023.