Which is the smallest bone in the human body?
(A) Stapes
(B) Phalanges
(C) Humerus
(D) Pelvis
1. The smallest bone in the human body is the stapes.
2. This bone is located in the middle ear.
3. The length of the stapes is about 3 millimeters.
Which of the following is NOT a type of blood cell made by the bone marrow?
(A) Osteoclasts
(B) Red blood cells
(C) Platelets
(D) White blood cells
1. There are three types of blood cells made by the bone marrow: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
2. Red blood cells carry oxygen and carbon dioxide around the body. White blood cells fight infection. Platelets help form blood clots.
3. Bone marrow is a tissue located in the hollow interior of long bones.
______ is caused when a child’s growing bones fail to develop due to a lack of vitamin D.
(A) Night blindness
(B) Rickets
(C) Goitre
(D) Scurvy
1. Rickets occurs when a child's growing bones do not develop due to vitamin D deficiency.
2. Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that helps in the absorption of calcium and phosphate.
3. Symptoms of rickets include.
- Pain and tenderness in the bones of the feet and hands
- curvature in the bones of the legs
- pain in shoulders and hips
- muscle weakness
- delayed developmentWhat is the loss of bone density and strength known as?
(A) Osteoporosis
(B) Acromegaly
(C) Fibrous dysplasia
(D) Fracture
1. Decrease in bone density and strength is called osteoporosis.
2. Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become weak and brittle.
3. Women suffer from osteoporosis more often than men.
Which of the following is essential to form haemoglobin in blood?
(A) Fats
(B) Iron
(C) Calcium
(D) Protein
1. Iron is required for the formation of hemoglobin.
2. Hemoglobin is a part of red blood cells that carries oxygen and removes carbon dioxide (a waste product) from the body.
3. Iron is stored in the body mainly in hemoglobin.
Which of the following can degrade detritus into simpler inorganic substances?
(A) Algae
(B) Phytoplankton
(C) Fungal enzymes
(D) Lichens
1. Fungal enzymes decompose simple inorganic substances.
2. Fungi are a type of microorganisms that decompose organic matter.
3. Enzymes break down organic matter into smaller molecules, which can then be used by the body of the fungus.
Which group of animals are named because of their spiny skin and a peculiar water-driven tube system that they use for moving around?
(A) Hemichordata
(B) Aschelminthes
(C) Echinodermata
(D) Mollusca
1. All the creatures of Echinodermata phylum are marine and have thorny bodies.
2. There is a mass flow system in their body.
3. A specific water-conveying canal system is found, which helps in their movement.
Who among the following developed the Cholera vaccine in 1885?
(A) Edward Jenner
(B) Jaime Ferrán
(C) Jonas Salk
(D) Leon Calmette
1. The credit for developing the cholera vaccine in 1885 goes to Spanish-French bacteriologist and hygienist Jaime Ferrán.
2. He tested a live attenuated bacterial vaccine during a cholera epidemic in Valencia.
3. Jaime Ferrán's vaccine successfully protected people from cholera and began to be used in vaccination programs around the world.
Nyctalopia, more commonly known as Night Blindness, is caused by the deficiency of which nutrient?
(A) Vitamin C
(B) Magnesium
(C) Potassium
(D) Vitamin A
1. Nyctalopia (night blindness) is caused by deficiency of Vitamin A.
2. Foods rich in Vitamin A are carrots, spinach, sweet potatoes, lettuce, etc.
3. Vitamin A deficiency can cause damage to rod cells, which reduces the ability to see in low light.
Deficiency of which of these vitamin causes anaemia in humans?
(A) Vitamin D
(B) Vitamin B
(C) Vitamin A
(D) Vitamin B12
Symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency or folate deficiency anemia develop slowly and are similar to those of other types of anemia, such as fatigue, weakness, and pale skin. Vitamin B12 deficiency can also cause nerve damage, the main symptoms of which include tingling, loss of touch, and muscle weakness. Confusion can arise when Vitamin B12 becomes too low. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia in the elderly can be mistaken for dementia. This happens because of similar symptoms.
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