GK Questions on Invention for Competitive Exam

Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, a German physicist, discovered X-rays in 1895. While conducting experiments with cathode-ray tubes, he observed a new and mysterious form of radiation. Röntgen termed this radiation "X-rays" as their nature was initially unknown. He found that these rays could pass through various materials and create images of the internal structures of objects, including the bones of the human body.

Röntgen's discovery revolutionized medical imaging and had far-reaching implications in various scientific and technological fields. For his groundbreaking work, Röntgen was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

The discovery of the North Pole is attributed to American explorer Robert Peary. On April 6, 1909, Peary, along with his assistant Matthew Henson and a team of Inuit guides, claimed to have reached the North Pole. Their expedition involved a combination of overland travel and sledging across the Arctic ice. While Peary's achievement has been debated and faced controversies, he is generally acknowledged as one of the first individuals to reach the North Pole, as per the records of his expedition.

The electron microscope was co-invented by Max Knoll and Ernst Ruska in 1931. This revolutionary microscopy technology uses a beam of electrons to achieve much higher resolution than that of traditional light microscopes, allowing scientists to visualize extremely small structures, including individual cells and even subcellular components. The invention of the electron microscope significantly advanced the field of microscopy, enabling researchers to explore the microscopic world in unprecedented detail.

After 386 and 486, Dham was the man behind the launch of processor 586, that is in 1991 he fathered the Pentium chip. In 1995, after spending 16 years in the company, he left Intel. Vinod always had an itch to do something different which brought him greatness, but there is far more he wanted to do.

Dmitri Mendeleev, a Russian chemist, is credited with the invention of the modern periodic table. In 1869, Mendeleev arranged the known elements based on their atomic masses and properties, leaving gaps for undiscovered elements. His key insight was to organize the elements in a way that revealed their periodicity, grouping elements with similar properties together. This organization laid the foundation for the periodic law.

Mendeleev's periodic table was a significant breakthrough because it not only systematized the known elements but also predicted the properties of elements yet to be discovered. The subsequent confirmation of these predictions, such as the discovery of gallium and germanium, solidified Mendeleev's contribution to the understanding of the relationships among the elements.

Sir J.J. Thomson, a British physicist, is credited with the discovery of the electron. In 1897, Thomson conducted experiments using cathode ray tubes and observed that cathode rays (streams of charged particles) were negatively charged. Through these experiments, he deduced the presence of a negatively charged particle, later named the electron.

Thomson's discovery of the electron was a groundbreaking contribution to the understanding of atomic structure and laid the groundwork for later developments in atomic and particle physics. The discovery of the electron marked a crucial step in the exploration of the subatomic world.

Gunpowder is commonly credited to Chinese alchemists, and it is believed to have been discovered accidentally in the 9th century during experiments to find an elixir of immortality. While the exact inventor remains unclear, the use of gunpowder for military purposes spread during the subsequent centuries.

The option (A) Roger Bacon is also historically associated with gunpowder. Roger Bacon, an English philosopher and Franciscan friar in the 13th century, wrote about the composition of gunpowder, although it is debated whether he was the actual inventor.

Gunpowder is a mixture of saltpeter (potassium nitrate), charcoal, and sulfur. Its invention had a profound impact on military technology and warfare throughout history.