Directions (91-93): Read the given passage and answer the following questions based on the passage.

Iran’s decision to reduce its commitments under the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, which  sought to curtail its nuclear capabilities, is more of a warning than a move to break the nuclear deal. Iran  has been under economic and political pressure since President Donald Trump pulled the U.S. out of the  deal a year ago. The U.S. has since amped up its anti-Iran rhetoric and reimposed sanctions. While President Hassan Rouhani clinched the agreement in 2015 despite opposition from hardliners, his  promise was that it would help lift sanctions, providing relief to Iran’s economy. But the economic benefits did not last even three years, weakening Mr. Rouhani’s position in Iran’s complex power  dynamics. With the U.S. having ended the sanctions-waiver it had given to certain countries, including  India, on purchasing Iranian oil, from the first week of May, the Iranian economy has come under more  pressure. It is in this context that Mr. Rouhani announced the suspension of some of the restrictions in  the deal.
 Iran will immediately stop shipping out excess enriched uranium and heavy water. Mr. Rouhani has given 60 days to other signatories to find solutions to shield Iran’s banking and oil sectors from U.S. sanctions.  In theory, excess enriched uranium and heavy water allows Iran to expand its nuclear programme, but it  hasn’t announced any such plan. The big threat is that it will resume higher levels of enrichment to build  weapons unless its grievances are addressed in 60 days. Iran’s response may appear to be calibrated. It  hasn’t quit the deal as the U.S. did. And its concerns are genuine as it is being punished even as it is  compliant with the terms of the agreement. But Iran’s move to put the remaining signatories on notice  could be the start of the formal unravelling of the deal. European countries have been working on a  mechanism, which is still in the initial stages, that allows Europe to trade with Iran through a barter  system avoiding the dollar and circumventing sanctions. But it hasn’t covered oil trade, the mainstay of  Iran’s economy. If Europe doesn’t do enough in 60 days and Iran sticks to its threat, the deal will collapse, giving more reason to the U.S. to escalate hostilities. It has, among other things, deployed an aircraft carrier and a bomber squad to the Gulf. A practical alternative would be for Iran to end this brinkmanship and (A). Europe, on its part, should stand firmly up to the U.S.’s unilateral threats and pressure, and come up with ways to help Iran. A collapse of the deal would not only exacerbate the Iran nuclear crisis but also set a bad precedent in international diplomacy.

Q:

As per the passage, what is the alternative that European nations are trying to work on to deal with Iran?

• 1
  The currency used for trading is being changed to European Peso from the US dollar.
• 2
  Europe is trying to build a mechanism in which the trade would be done using the Barter system rather than the use of dollar.
• 3
  Europe is building a corridor to Iran to trade directly with Iran and circumventing sanctions.
• 4
  Europe has agreed to provide the additional budget required by Iran to build the nuclear weapons.
• 5
  None of these