Directions: You have one brief passage with five questions following each passage. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives. 

From the world of magic, hypnosis is moving into the world of medicine, from hocus-pocus performed by men in black capes, to hypnotherapy practised by doctors in white coats. The purpose is to help people stop smoking, lose weight, overcome phobias, and control pain in a variety of medical situations, from childbirth to cancer. Research laboratories are currently checking out the success rate of therapy under hypnosis, while medical journals stand by to publish the results. And the important thing is, nobody is laughing. In the 1840’s, a British doctor in Calcutta created a controversy by performing over 1000 operations with hypnosis as the only anaesthesia. During the World Wars, German and British doctors used hypnosis to treat war neuroses.

Q:

German and British doctors used hypnosis as 

• 1
  it was a substitute for anaesthesia.
• 2
  it was fashionable during the war period.
• 3
  anaesthesia was not available.
• 4
  anaesthesia was not needed.