Answer : 3. "17.70 per cent"
Explanation :

According to preliminary Census 2011 data, there are 1210.19 million people living in the nation. Out of these, 623.72 million (51.54%) are men and 586.46 million (48.46%) are women. The following are the main points of the Census 2011 (Provisional figures): Over the decade from 2001 to 2011, India's population grew by more than 181 million people. Percentage growth in 2001-2011 is 17.64; males 17.19 and females 18.12. With the exception of 1911–1921, the decade from 2001–2011 is the first in which population growth was lower than that of the prior decade. The most populous State in the nation is Uttar Pradesh, with 199.5 million people, followed by Maharashtra, with 112 million.