Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru moved the Objective Resolution in the Constituent Assembly of India on December 13, 1946. The Objective Resolution laid the foundation for the Preamble of the Constitution of India and outlined the fundamental principles that would guide the framing of the Indian Constitution.

The statement "Army" is incorrect. The army is, in fact, an essential element of the State. The elements of the State typically include population, territory, government, and sovereignty. The army, or the military, is part of the government's structure and is responsible for national defense, making it a crucial component of the State apparatus.

both statements are individually true, and statement II is the correct explanation of statement I. The Constitution of India is indeed a liberal Constitution, emphasizing democratic values, individual rights, and freedoms. Statement II clarifies that it achieves this liberal character by providing Fundamental Rights to individuals, which are essential elements of a liberal democratic framework, ensuring citizens' liberties and equal protection under the law.

India is a republic because the head of the state, the President, is elected by an electoral college for a fixed term of five years. This democratic process ensures that the highest office in the country is not hereditary but held through periodic elections, reflecting the nation's commitment to representative governance and equality.

Governments are classified as unitary or federal based on the distribution of power between the central and regional authorities. In a unitary system, all power is concentrated in the central government. In federal systems, power is shared between central and regional governments, each having distinct spheres of authority.

The Supreme Court's decision to remove personal details of individuals involved in matrimonial litigation is related to the concept of "Right to be forgotten," which is a part of the right to privacy. This right allows individuals to request the removal of their personal information from online platforms and other records if that information is outdated or no longer relevant, preserving their privacy and dignity.

Article 226 of the Indian Constitution empowers High Courts in India to issue writs, including habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto, and certiorari, for the enforcement of the fundamental rights of the citizens as well as for any other purpose. This article grants the High Courts the power to protect and enforce fundamental rights in their respective states.

 Article 15 of the Indian Constitution deals with the prohibition of discrimination against any citizen on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth. It states that the State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.