General Science Quiz and Answers

Electron orbitals having same energy levels are called degenerate orbitals. If two or more orbitals of similar energy are available, electrons will be filled singly before filling them in pairs.

'Aufbau' is a German word which means 'to add one by one'. According to this theory, the entry of electrons in a shell and sub-orbital occurs one by one in the order of increasing energy of the energy levels.

Wolfgang Pauli (born April 25, 1900, Vienna, Austria – died December 15, 1958, Zurich, Switz.) was an Austrian-born physicist and recipient of the 1945 Nobel Prize for Physics for his discovery in 1925.

In 1808, a British school teacher named John Dalton presented the atomic theory of matter on a scientific basis for the first time. His theory, called 'Dalton's atomic theory', considered the atom as the fundamental particle of matter (unit - 1).

The uncertainty principle was propounded by Heisenberg, while the theory of relativity was propounded by Einstein, the periodic table is related to Rutherford.

Antoine Henri Becquerel was a French engineer, physicist, Nobel laureate, and the first person to discover evidence of radioactivity. Although it was Henri Becquerel who discovered radioactivity, it was "Marie Curie" who coined the term (radioactivity).

The most abundant isotope, protium (1H), or light hydrogen, has no neutrons and only one proton and one electron. Protium is stable and makes up 99.985% of naturally occurring hydrogen atoms. The nucleus of deuterium (2H) contains one neutron and one proton.

Lewis symbols are simplified Bohr diagrams that represent only the electrons in the outermost energy level. The released electrons are in filled energy levels, which do not contribute to the chemical properties of the respective species. Therefore Lewis symbols are useful to study elemental properties and reactions.

Generally, the structure with minimum energy is the one whose atoms have minimum formal charge. The principle of formal charge is based on the pure covalent nature of bonding, in which electrons are shared equally between the bonded atoms.

The negative sign indicates that energy is being released. Therefore, transition option (a) from n = 2 to n = 1 is associated with the largest emission of energy.