A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a technology that allows users to create a secure and encrypted connection to another network over the internet. VPNs are commonly used to ensure privacy and security when browsing the internet, especially when using public Wi-Fi networks. VPNs create a private tunnel for data transmission, protecting users' online activities from surveillance, censorship, and potential cyber threats.

FORTRAN (short for "Formula Translation") is a high-level programming language that is particularly well-suited for scientific and engineering applications. It was developed for numeric and scientific computing and is widely used in fields such as physics, engineering, mathematics, and other scientific disciplines. FORTRAN allows for efficient processing of mathematical and scientific computations, making it a popular choice for complex scientific simulations, mathematical modeling, and computational research.

The search engine performs the following tasks-

1. Web crawling: Search engines search all web pages on the web using a crawler. A crawler is a program that finds new web pages by following links on the web.

2. Indexing: Once the crawler finds all the web pages, the search engine indexes them in a database. The index contains information for each web page, such as title, URL, and content.

3. Searching: When a user types a search query, the search engine searches all the web pages in the index that may be related to the query.