Penicillin is obtained from fungi, specifically a group of molds known as Penicillium. The discovery of penicillin, one of the first widely used antibiotics, is credited to Sir Alexander Fleming in 1928. Fleming observed that the mold Penicillium notatum produced a substance that could inhibit the growth of bacteria. This substance was later named penicillin and became a groundbreaking antibiotic in the field of medicine, revolutionizing the treatment of bacterial infections. Therefore, the correct answer is (B) Fungus.

Fructose is often regarded as the sweetest sugar among the options provided. It is a natural sugar found in fruits, honey, and some vegetables. Fructose is sweeter than glucose, sucrose (which is a combination of glucose and fructose), and maltose. Due to its high sweetness level, fructose is commonly used as a sweetener in various food products and beverages.

LUCKNOW: Mathematician Anand Kumar was Monday conferred with the Swami Brahmanand Award 2021 for his contribution in the field of education through his 'Super 30' initiative, which prepares underprivileged students for the IIT entrance exam.

The 2021 US Open was the 141st edition of tennis' US Open and the fourth and final Grand Slam event of the year. It was held on outdoor hard courts at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows, New York City. Daniil Medvedev won the men's singles title.

1. The Muslim commander who died fighting on behalf of the Marathas in the Third Battle of Panipat was Ibrahim Gardi.

2. The Third Battle of Panipat took place on 14 January 1761, about 60 miles (95.5 km) north of Delhi, between the Northern Expeditionary Force of the Maratha Empire and a coalition of two Indian Muslims, led by King Ahmad Shah Durrani of Afghanistan.

3. The decline of the Mughal Empire following the Mughal–Maratha War (1680–1707) led to rapid territorial gains for the Maratha Empire.

There are three protective layers around our brain and spinal cord, called meninges. These layers are named in the order from outside to inside

1. Temporal lobe – integrates memories with the senses of taste, sound, sight, and touch.

2. Parshivika Pali – Holds information about temperature, taste, touch and movement.

3. Frontal lobe – responsible for communicative functions and control of voluntary movement or activity.

4. Occipital lobe – responsible for vision

1. Excretion is the process in which all metabolic wastes are passed out of the body. Excretion in humans occurs in several processes through various organs and internal organs of the body.

2. Diffusion is the most common process of excretion in lower organisms. The human body is an extraordinary machine, where various life-processes (respiration, circulation, digestion, etc.) occur simultaneously. As a result, many of the waste products produced in our bodies are in various forms including carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogenous products such as urea, ammonia, and uric acid.