The Indian National Congress, commonly known as the Congress, is one of the major political parties in India. Congress was established on 28 December 1885 during the British Raj. Its founders included A. O. Hume (prominent member of the Theosophical Society), Dadabhai Naoroji and Dinshaw Wacha. In the late 19th and early to mid 20th centuries, the Congress became a central player in the Indian independence struggle, with over 15 million members and over 70 million participants, in opposition to British colonial rule.

Article 370 embodied six special provisions for Jammu and Kashmir: It exempted the State from the complete applicability of the Constitution of India. The State was conferred the power to have its own constitution.

Answer: A) The Tenth Amendment Explanation: The sources of state power are specifically outlined in the Tenth Amendment of the Bill of Rights.When the Constitution was first proposed, many people were concerned about the federal government become too powerful. A group known as the anti-federalists pushed for a way to legally set aside certain rights and powers to individual states. This amendment was added to satisfy the anti-federalists who were concerned that the Constitution would grant the federal government unlimited power.   The Tenth Amendment states that all powers that are not specifically given to the federal government are reserved to individual states.

131 seats are reserved for representatives of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Lok Sabha. Some seats are reserved in Lok Sabha for the members of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. As per the order issued by the Delimitation Commission in 2008, 412 are general, 84 seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes, and 47 seats for the Scheduled Tribes. Hence option 3 is correct. Earlier it was 79 and 41 for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes respectively.

Answer: A) Directive principle Explanation:

The salary of President of India is discussed here. On September 11, 2008, the Indian government increased the president's salary to 1.5 lakh rupees (approximately to 3.9 lakh in 2022). In India's 2018 Union budget, this compensation was increased to 5 lakh (equivalent to 5.9 lakh in 2023).

Ganesh Mavlankar is considered as the father of Lok Sabha. He was popularly called 'Dada Saheb'. He was the Speaker of the Constituent Assembly (Legislative) and the Provisional Parliament (1947-52). He served as the Speaker of the Bombay Legislative Assembly from 1937 to 1946.

The Indian Constitution has adopted judicial review from the US Constitution.