In any democracy, the people are the source of every type of political power. This is a fundamental principle of democracy. In such a system of governance, people rule themselves through the institutions of Swaraj. In a proper democratic government, due respect is given to diverse groups and opinions of the society.

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The Indian National Congress, commonly known as the Congress, is one of the major political parties in India. Congress was established on 28 December 1885 during the British Raj. Its founders included A. O. Hume (prominent member of the Theosophical Society), Dadabhai Naoroji and Dinshaw Wacha. In the late 19th and early to mid 20th centuries, the Congress became a central player in the Indian independence struggle, with over 15 million members and over 70 million participants, in opposition to British colonial rule.

The promulgation of Regulating Act of 1773 by the King of England paved the way for establishment of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Calcutta.

The correct answer is the USA. The practice of a written constitution began in early colonial America.

Rajendra Prasad was elected as the permanent chairman of the Constituent Assembly of Independent India.

The salary of President of India is discussed here. On September 11, 2008, the Indian government increased the president's salary to 1.5 lakh rupees (approximately to 3.9 lakh in 2022). In India's 2018 Union budget, this compensation was increased to 5 lakh (equivalent to 5.9 lakh in 2023).