The capital of Australia is (A) Canberra. Canberra is the purpose-built capital city of Australia, chosen for its central location between Sydney and Melbourne. It officially became the capital in 1927, succeeding Melbourne. Canberra houses the key government institutions, including the Parliament House and the official residence of the Prime Minister.

The headquarters of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) is situated in Vienna, Austria. UNIDO is a specialized agency of the United Nations that focuses on promoting and accelerating industrial development in developing countries. It works to enhance economic growth, reduce poverty, and improve living standards by fostering sustainable industrialization. The choice of Vienna as the headquarters reflects the city's historical significance as an international diplomatic and organizational hub.

London is situated on the bank of the (A) Thames River. The River Thames is a major waterway flowing through the city of London, and it has played a significant role in the historical and cultural development of the city. The Thames River is the longest river entirely in England and is central to the geography and life of London.

Africa is known as the "Dark Continent" because it was unexplored for a long time. The term was coined by Welsh journalist and explorer Henry Morton Stanley in his 1878 travelogue. Stanley considered Africa to be mysterious and poorly known. 

The world's top environmental conservation award is (D) Golden Panda Award. The Golden Panda Award is presented by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and is recognized as one of the most prestigious awards for conservation efforts globally. It is awarded to individuals and organizations for outstanding contributions to the conservation of the world's natural heritage. The other options mentioned (Golden Globe Award, Golden Palms Award, and Golden Bear Award) are associated with achievements in the film industry.

Brisbane is not a former capital of Australia. The other cities are all former capitals of their respective countries: 

Karachi: The capital of Pakistan from 1947 to 1959

Auckland: A former capital of New Zealand

Kyoto: A former capital of Japan

Brisbane was the capital of Australia before Canberra from 1842 to 1859. 

The headquarters of the International Cricket Council (ICC) is located in (B) Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The ICC is the global governing body for the sport of cricket and is responsible for organizing international cricket events, formulating rules, and promoting the game worldwide. The decision to move the headquarters to Dubai was made in 2005, and the ICC officially opened its office in Dubai in 2006.

The disconnected lines drawn on a map for showing the slope are called (B) Hachure. Hachures are short, parallel lines that are drawn on a map to represent relief features such as slopes and hills. The spacing and orientation of hachures provide a visual indication of the steepness and direction of slopes on the map. Hachures are commonly used in cartography to enhance the representation of terrain and elevation.