1. Junk email is called spam. Spam is an email that you did not request, and which usually promotes advertising or other unwanted content.

2. Spoofing is a special type of cyber-attack in which someone attempts to deceive other computer networks by using a computer, device, or network to identify themselves as a legitimate entity.

1. The memory which is used by RAM to store frequently used information is called cache memory.

2. Cache memory is much smaller than RAM, but it is much faster than RAM.

3. Recently used information is often stored in cache memory.

1. If a company wants to include its company name and logo at the bottom of each page of the brochure, the footer is to be used.

2. Inserting a header or footer in MS Word is a simple process that can be completed in just a few steps.

- Open the document in MS Word in which you want to insert a header or footer.

- Click on the “Insert” tab at the top of the MS Word window which is to the right of the Home tab. You can also open the insert tab by pressing the MS Word shortcut key “Alt+N”.

- In the “Header & Footer” group, click the “header” or “footer” button, depending on what you want to insert into your document.

- A menu will appear with various header and footer options. Select the desired option and then click “OK”.

- Header or Footer will now be inserted into your document. You can type directly into it or add images and other content as desired. When you're finished, click outside the header or footer area to return to the document.

1. A computer is an electronic machine, which presents the required information or result (Output) by doing a specialized process according to a series of instructions (Program) given on the prescribed data (Input).

2. The following are the main characteristics of a computer.

(1) Speed

(2) Accuracy

(3) Economy

(4) Reliability

(5) Storage & Retrieval

1. Encryption is the process of encoding data in cryptography.

2. This process transforms the plaintext or original representation of data into ciphertext or alternative representation of the data.

3. Only authorized parties should be able to decipher the ciphertext back into plaintext and access the original data.

4. Encryption in itself does not prevent interference, but it hinders interceptors from deciphering the content.

1. HTTP is responsible for locating the domain name and translating it into Internet Protocol S.

2. IP address (Internet Protocol address) is a digital address used to identify a computer or device on the Internet or any other network.